Author name: Thomas Paine

Thomas Paine (February 9, 1737 – June 8, 1809) was an English-born American Founding Father, French Revolutionary, inventor, political philosopher, and statesman. His pamphlets Common Sense (1776) and The American Crisis (1776–1783) framed the Patriot argument for independence from Great Britain at the outset of the American Revolution. Paine advanced Enlightenment-era arguments for human rights that shaped revolutionary discourse on both sides of the Atlantic.

The Crisis XII

Major Works

The American Crisis XII from the Pennsylvania Gazette, October 30, 1782. Original title below, “Crisis XII” title added in later collections. TO THE EARL OF SHELBURNE. A speech which has been printed in several of the British and New-York newspapers, as coming from your Lordship, in answer to one from the Duke of Richmond of

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The Crisis XI

Major Works

Crisis XI from the Pennsylvania Gazette, May 22, 1782 ON THE PRESENT STATE OF NEWS SINCE the arrival of two, if not three packets, in quick succession, at New-York, from England, a variety of unconnected news has circulated through the country, and afforded as great a variety of speculation. That something is the matter in

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